Galangal
A close relative of ginger, galangal is an
important and popular ingredient in the foods of Thailand.  Ground galangal (formerly called Laos powder) is easier to work with than whole Galangal and is commonly called for in recipes. 
The flavor is similar to ginger, but more flowery and intense.  It's flavor combines with ginger and lemon grass in Thai cooking, and with white pepper and/or cayenne for seasoning fish, meat or poultry.